The Communications

Directorate of Distance Education

University of Kashmir

ISSN: 0975-6558

This paper analyzes governance of development in globalized world with special reference to suffering of third world nations in the process of development. Using a regulationist analysis of the different development theories, efforts has been made to highlight the problems and issues of these theories with each other and within, through which an unbalanced and unstructured development happening in the world. The paper also point out the hegemony of West on politic, development, economy and especially education in the third world nations. It is also important to understand how development was being perceived by different theories such as modernization, underdevelopment theory, dependency theory and theory of articulation of mode of production. Entire analysis is revolved around liberalization and how aims of education become market oriented? What have we lost for the sake of development through liberalization? This paper will help to develop a critical perspective about the development, economy, politics and education and their impasse.

After more than six decades of independence, India has been struggling with numerous challenges, including tribal (8.6 percent of the total population) education which needs an urgent attention. Despite huge investment in education and numerous flagship programmes, high dropout rate still exists among tribal due to various reasons. This study conducted by adopting sample survey method and qualitative research with 69 sample of Kharia tribal dropout children, their parents, teachers and civil society members to explore the unnoticed socioeconomic and cultural background, institutional constraints on the educational achievements of tribal children in the state of Odisha. This study also looks into the role of civil society to bridge the educational gap among tribes in Odisha. This study found various causes and consequences of dropout among these tribes in elementary education such as school factors, home factors, social and cultural factors, economic factors, communication factors, language factors, illiteracy etc. Hence, the government has to do a lot more for the education of these tribes by adopting different measures such as appointment of qualified teachers, upgrading school facilities, more investment, proper monitoring of implemented flagship programmes, financial supports, proper communication facilities etc.

Telespots are television advertisements comprising of social and commercial advertisement that entail a brief telecast of approximately a few seconds or one minute duration communicating important message. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) first introduced Health and Family Welfare Telespots (HFWTs) in 1988. However there is dearth of Studies on the importance of telespots in generating awareness amongst the masses the type of treatment that should be given to a telespot message. Also which treatments holds more appeal and should be used in the production of telespot messages in order to improve the effectiveness has remain neglected altogether in media and communication studies. This study has been conducted in two parts. The first part systematically studies the message treatment given to the Telespots telecast on DD-1 National Channel of Doordarshan between May to December 2011. In the second part the effectiveness of treatment of telespot messages was studied with respect to views per telespot amongst the respondents drawn from within Delhi between January and February 2012. For the purpose of study of the telespot message treatment. two categorizations were evolved. Findings indicate that the Straight Sell Presentation under Categorization I and Non-Celebrity treatment of telespot message under Categorization II have a better appeal for the Viewers in the Study.

The progress of a country depends on the progress of its citizens, now the people of any nation are not recognized as the feeding mouths only but they are being considered as the human resource and that is true only when the population is vocationally and technically trained and educated. Progress of a country is possible only when its citizens are dynamic, resourceful, enterprising, and responsible. The educational system of our Nation is progressing day by day in leaps and bounds but the women of our country are still being neglected in many fronts of life, they are being subjected to lot of problems in our male dominated society. Women which constitute 48.5% of our population (as per the 2011 census of India) are not well represented in social, economic and political life as they deserve, despite of constitutional provisions for their positive discrimination in the state. It is an accepted fact that educating a boy is educating a person and educating a girl is educating a family. The woman, in the role of mother is doing wonders by providing a conducive environment in the home which is the basic unit of society. The need of hour is to empower our women of the country in all fields which can be done through proper education. The open distance education system has the capacity to do a wonderful job in this respect. In this paper I will try to highlight the broader fields wherein open and distance education can be of great help in empowering the women of our Nation

The world statistics on the drugs/substance abuse show a horrifying picture as it has become the third largest fast growing business in the world next to petroleum and arm trade and about 190 million people throughout the world are involved in the abuse of one substance or the other. The Kashmir society is not an exception to this abuse and a large population of youth in Kashmir valley is lured by drugs due to their easy availability. Most adult drug/smokers start drug/smoking regularly some time before 18 years of age. The main aim of this study was to know the awareness of drug addiction among higher secondary students studying in various institutions of Kashmir valley. The results of this study may help to develop more effective drug prevention programs. The study was carried out by a cross-sectional survey of 400 youth, 200 Boys and 200 Girls selected at random with the help of stratified random sampling technique from different higher secondary schools of Kashmir valley of the State of Jammu & Kashmir, using a specifically designed questionnaire. The respondents selected at random were asked questions regarding the age at which people began to use drug/smoking, initiation, their drug/smoking habits, their reasons for drug/smoking, and their views on people who drug/smoke etc. The results obtained in this study presents a horrifying picture and a threat for the entire society if the drug abuse menace is not controlled.

The present study was carried out to find out the difference between rural and urban and male and female elementary school teachers on various dimension of job satisfaction. The investigators used Amar Singh and T.R Sharma’s Job Satisfaction Scale(JSS). to collect the data randomly from various Govt. and private elementary schools. Some important statistical techniques were used to analyze and interpret the collected data and it was found that there is significant mean difference between rural and urban elementary school teachers further significant difference was found between male and female elementary school teachers.

The present study explored the pivotal role of computer and Internet in educational projects viz. a. viz. research. Nowadays the Internet is pervasive in the lives of students, institutions, and societies all over the world. Due to the exponential proliferation of the Internet in all aspects of life, what has been called the digital culture has had an extensive influence on education. It has affected the field of education at all grades & levels. Its emergence and widespread availability of resources used in educational settings has driven much debate on its usability. With the advent of Internet, a significant transition can be seen in the academic communities, its appearance increasing the means of researches, facilitating the communication and enabling data share. For academic communities, it is easier to search through Internet as compared to the longer stay in the library rooms to collect , consolidate and compile information. It has immense potential to enables the students to get instant information for their research and academics. In the present piece of research attempt has been made to explore the Internet as a digital revolution in the field of research and education and establish its emergence as a source of global network, as a source of communication and information and as a source of availability, accessibility, and affordability in education and research.

The massive onslaught of insurgency in 1989 affected almost every walk of life in Kashmir. In its very beginning, the armed insurgency jolted the venerable bond of peace and harmony between Kashmiri Muslims and Kashmiri Pandits. The growing fear and insecurity forced Kashmiri Pandits to leave their homes for safety and survival. Their long cherished dream to return to their homeland could not materialize all these years. Over the years, this displaced community has produced a burgeoning generation of writers. These writers have successfully fictionalized and still continue to fictionalize the agonizing memories of past, of rootlessness, of identity crisis of their community, scattered around the country and outside the country. In this paper, we shall work out how one such writer, Siddhartha Gigoo, fictionalizes the same agonized memories of his displaced community in his debut novel The Garden of Solitude. In the paper, we shall study the plight and agony of Kashmiri Pandit migrants on two levels; physical and psychological. Besides, the paper will also explore how Gigoo transcends beyond the confines of dominant political narratives (these narratives were politically motivated and formulated with national interests in mind. The motive of these contending narratives was to disrupt the Pandit-Muslim harmony) and hence Gigoo centers his narrative on the lived experience of a common man. Gigoo purposely excludes the convoluted political controversies and instead highlights the harm done by the same to a religious minority

The history of women, in Indian context, has been much like a roller coaster ride with a lot of ups and downs. Women have suffered a lot of discrimination and neglect in Indian society, but have also witnessed resurgence of various sincere efforts, over the time, in the direction of bringing a positive change in their outlook. The principle of gender equality is enshrined in our constitution which guarantees equality to women, and empowers the state to adopt measures of positive discrimination in favor of women for removing the cumulative socio-economic, educational and myriad disadvantages faced by them. The government has introduced several programs meant for welfare and support services, awareness generation and gender sensitization for women. In India with the focus on inclusive growth, there is ongoing discourse about inclusiveness and empowerment of women. Women need to empower themselves from grass root level, and this calls for a change of values and behavior and the need for economic empowerment. It is in this context, the present research paper attempts to highlight the vulnerability of women in Indian context over the 69 years of independence within a framework of democratic polity, laws, development policies and simultaneously the positive side of the picture that has been developed by the government of India, plans and programs that have aimed at women advancement in different spheres and also dwells on some of these contentious issues, initiatives, problems and prospects that confront the policy makers in bringing about holistic empowerment of women in India. .

Education is one of the most significant indicators of development. First, the millennium development goals(MDG’s) and sustainable development goals(SDG’s) acknowledge the centrality and significance of the education in the growth and progress of the global society. It is in this regard that the MDG’s and SDG’s have enshrined the goal of education as one their prime objectives. To ensure inclusive and quality education for all and promote a life long learning is the ardent task that UN(united nations) has committed itself to. Obtaining a quality education is the foundation for improving the lives of people and the way towards sustainable development. Trading the same path of ‘education for all’ India has intensified its efforts since 1990’s , however the practical implications of this huge goal has been put under scrutiny from time-to-time , considering the fact there are certain hot-spots that are more vulnerable to exploitation and also suffer various levels of negligence. Slums demonstrate a concentration of multiple deprivation experienced by the urban poor characterized by urban decay poverty, unemployment and social deviance. Slums represent a cross-sectional marginalized social category. It is in this context of marginalization and education that this research paper focuses on the educational scenario of children of the slum dwellers in the division of Kashmir division to present an overview of the deprivation of education faced by the children living in slums. Employing secondary data sources like census report, official records, journals have been used to present an overview about the educational scenario of children living in slums in the division of Kashmir.

The study was taken to decipher the special features of the educational system in the tribal areas of Khansahib. The study used a non‐experimental, cross‐sectional research design with the main tools of data collection being observation and personal interviews and self-constructed questionnaire to decipher the opinion of all the stake holders associated with schooling in the study area. The study revealed that under the flagship programme of Sarva Shiksha Abiyan (SSA), government has been partially able to uplift the educational infrastructure. The SSA run schools have been able to enhance the enrollment in the schools but quality dimensions of education are still below standard. Physical structures in the form of buildings, bathrooms have been erected but quality education is still a dream in the schools. Study revealed a complete absence of female teachers in the schools

The 21st century has posed serious concerns and issues before organization in how they will outperform competitors and overcome challenges. The success factor for any organization irrespective of its nature of doing business lies in how much its employees are satisfied and committed with the organization. It is of paramount importance that organizations must continuously focus in attracting and retaining talented and dynamic workforce. The organizations will perish sooner or later, if they can’t realize the potential and significance of its employees. Skilled and talented workforce has got immense opportunities to explore in this competitive market, therefore organization’s differentiating factor lie in how they tap their employees with better facilities and avenues. Employee retention acts as a driving force, since employee’s knowledge, abilities, competencies and capabilities are central to companies’ ability to be economically sound and competitive. The best way for organizations to remain relevant in their operations is by achieving competitive advantage that is sustainable which is only possible if organizations are able to retain their workforce. Keeping the above facts in view the present paper will throw light on the various HRM practices that are crucial in managing, motivating, developing and retaining the human resource and consequently would lead to better organizational performance.

This study was undertaken to study the achievement motivation of visually impaired, hearing impaired and orthopedically impaired secondary school students of Kashmir division. The sample for the study was 300 physically challenged secondary school students viz. (visually impaired N= 100, hearing impaired N= 100 and orthopedically impaired N=100) by using purposive sampling technique. Pratibha Deo and Asha Mohan achievement motivation scale was administered for the collection of data. The result of the study highlight that there is no significant difference among visually impaired, hearing impaired and orthopedically impaired secondary school students on achievement motivation. The Achievement Motivation is a planned decision-making process, which energies individual to work to the best of their capacities, by providing them with motives, which is based on their unfulfilled desires. Thus it is generally regarded as the force to achieve targets and the process tosustain the drive. Physically challenged viz. visually impaired, hearing impaired and orthopedically impaired categories feel inferiority due to physical impairment. They are not being ready and eager to face new situations and carry out different tasks, generally are withdrawn, inactive, and unmotivated for their achievement, therefore lack of motivation and lack of self-confidence are two of the main reasons for failure and of living an upset, anxious, depressed, worried ordinary and dissatisfied life

One of the emerging trends of education nowadays is Lifelong Learning where there is no end of education, and one should venture to expand it throughout the life. To initiate with the above supposition, it is needful to have a burly base at very elementary level. Therefore, childhood period plays a very significant role in this regard. It has been always a matter of concern that how this early and fertile period should be utilized well. Many different theories have been propounded by different philosophers and psychologists, all are having importance at their level, but Frobel has introduced a very significant concept of the emancipation of child education. The present paper attempts to have a holistic view of Frobel’s innovation to child learning.

In the 21st century emerging technologies are sprinkling at extraordinary speed, and these innovations have turned this world into a global village. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can be utilized for the education sector. Education includes online, distance and part-time courses. There are unlimited applications of ICT in the real world. There is an emerging broad consensus around the world about the benefits that can be brought to the educational system through the appropriate use of evolving information and communication technologies. The range of possible benefits pervaded practically all areas of activity in which knowledge and communication play a vital role. It is involved from improved teaching, and learning processes to better student outcome increased student engagement and seamless communication with teachers and parents. Today there is a significant gap between knowledge and skills students learn in school and the knowledge and skills that workers need in workplaces and communities. In the field of education distance learning is a growing trend where there is the distance between teacher and student bridged with media, and in this age of science, innovative technologies are the best media to cover this gap. Employers report that they need those candidates who are professional, having good moral and work ethics, can collaboratively work in a team, have critical thinking and problemsolving ability, can lead a group of people and are skilled in verbal and written communication. In this paper, an attempt has been made to study the relevance of ICT and Distance education in the Indian context.

The IT industry has seen tremendous extended capabilities due to the fast growing development in the cloud computing. It is no longer just a business concept. It has revolutionized the enterprise fundamentals and businesses have bloomed. Cloud computing does not encompass a single technology. It is an amalgamation of many different technologies, models and tools to provide services at different levels. Cloud computing has scaled up to many heights but one of the most important concern is the security issues in cloud environment. The market has shown reluctance towards the full adaptation of cloud computing due to the issues of data privacy and security. In this paper we study different security and privacy issues in the cloud networks and the possible solutions to cope with each issue.

Ivan Illich is one of the is one of the most critical and extensive educational theorists of the last half-century. Illich has reflected on many social issues including education. Education was very close to Illich’s heart. He also himself being an unmatched teacher, has discussed critically at many places in his writings the objectives of education. Education should aim at deschooling society as deschooling is the tangible social change that can create in human the consciousness of his potential and worth. In this paper, an attempt has been made to map out the objectives of education in Illich’s educational philosophy.